- By Spandita Mukherjee Indian philosophy is a rich and ancient tradition that continues around the world. Indian philosophy has a wide range of philosophical traditions that originated in India. There are six theistic, orthodox, Vedic schools ( āstika ) and three atheistic, heterodox, non-Vedic schools ( nāstika ) of Philosophy. Indian philosophy covers a broad range of topics, including metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, logic, and spirituality. But these are not discussed separately. All discussions are there in every school, with its unique philosophical perspectives and insights. The six Vedic schools are Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika, Sāṃkhya-Yoga, Pūrva Mīmāṃsā-Uttar-Mīmāṃsā or Vedānta. And the non-Vedic schools are Cārvāka, Buddhism and Jainism. Now let us discuss, a brief introduction to Indian Philosophy. There are four Puruṣārthas accepted in Indian Philosophy. These are – Dharma, Artha, Kāma, and Mokṣa . Cārvāka are called materialists. They have only accepted Artha and Kā...